Tourism and hunting both generate substantial revenues for communities and private operators in Africa, but few studies have quantitatively examined the trade-offs and synergies that may result from these two activities. We evaluated financial and in-kind benefit streams from tourism and hunting on 77 communal conservancies in Namibia from 1998 to 2013, where community-based wildlife conservation has been promoted as a land-use that complements traditional subsistence agriculture.

Naidoo R, Weaver LC, Diggle RW, Matongo G, Stuart-Hill G, Thouless C. (2016). Complementary benefits of tourism and hunting to communal conservancies in Namibia. Conserv Biol. 2016;30(3):628-638. doi:10.1111/cobi.12643