Brian Arthur is an economist and complexity thinker.He is best known for his work on network effects locking markets in to the domination of a single player. He is also one of the pioneers of the science of complexity—the science of how patterns and structures self-organize—and a founding member of the Santa Fe Institute (New Mexico, USA). His most recent book “Complexity and the Economy” (2015) provides a new framework for viewing the economy not as a system in equilibrium but as one in motion, perpetually constructing itself anew. In 2008 he was the (inaugural) winner of Lagrange Prize, complexity’s highest international award.